How does chemotherapy work to kill cancer? What are the latest findings with using chemotherapy? Why does it cause side effects like hair loss and nausea?
The way in which chemotherapy works to kill cancer is by being injected into the bloodstream through a shot, through an IV that drips the chemotherapy into the blood system, or through tablets, or capsules. [N/A, 7 March 2013]1 Once one of these ways has been completed, the chemotherapy (a type of drug) kills, usually cells in the middle of a cell division process, by attacking the centre within every cell that destroys the place in which the cell divides. [N/A, 7 March 2013]1 Researchers of cancer have been developing new ways to cure cancer or at least to help with the slowing of the spreading of cancer cells throughout the human body. One of these new ways consists of using a type of protein carrier molecule formulated in a laboratory. This is known as monoclonal antibodies. [N/A, 02/07/2013]2 Through using this new procedure, the chemotherapy would be carried on this antibody strait to the cancerous cells. In doing so, the chemotherapy would, hopefully, only kill the cancer cells and none of the other functional cells would be injured in the process. The reasoning behind chemotherapy causing hair loss, nausea, and other side effects is because the cells in this part of a human body are able to grow much faster than others. To be exact, between twenty-three to seventy-two hours is how long it takes a hair cell to replicate itself. [N/A, May 9, 2013 at 8:51 am]3 Chemotherapy targets the faster growing cells since cancer cells grow very quickly. The chemotherapy does not know the difference between hair cells and cancer cells since both are growing at such rapid paces.
Sources: 1. "How Chemotherapy Works." : Cancer Research UK : CancerHelp UK. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Sept. 2013. . 2. "What's New in Chemotherapy Research?" What's New in Chemotherapy Research? N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Sept. 2013. . 3. "Why and How Hair Loss Happens." Breastcancer.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Sept. 2013. .
Chemotherapy works to kill cancer by being introduced into the blood stream by an injection, a drip, capsules, or tablets, the chemotherapy works to kill fast growing cells by attacking and damaging the control center in the cell that makes it divide [N/A, 7 March 2013]2. Chemotherapy may also interrupt the chemical processes involved with the cell division, it may also attack healthy cells that divide quickly, causing them damage as well but not permanent damage in most cases [N/A, 7 March 2013]2&3. A relatively new discovery made in Chemotherapy discovers that when healthy cells are killed or damaged, they secrete a protein called WNT16B, which subsequently boosts the cancer cell survival while under chemotherapy [AFP Relax News, 6 September 2012]4. The protein released by the damaged cells counteracts the effect of chemo by acting as an enzyme for the tumorous cancer cells, and when not under chemotherapy. Researchers found this while wondering why cancer cells were killed so easily in a lab but showed more resistance while inside a living organism, they then found damaged DNA in cancer cells of men with prostate cancer [AFP Relax News, 6 September 2012]4. The cancer experiences and initial period of rapid response to the treatment but is followed by a period of rapid re-growth [AFP Relax News, 6 September 2012]4. Chemotherapy causes side effects like hair loss, sickness and diarrhea, along with other side effects. These are caused by the chemotherapy attacking and killing healthy cells that naturally reproduce quickly in the bone marrow, skin follicles, hair, digestive tract, cells in the mouth, reproductive system, and in extreme cases can affect cells in the heart, kidneys, bladder, lungs, and nervous system (N/A, March 13, 2013)1. Most side effects disappear after treatment is over because the healthy cells regenerate and repair themselves eventually, but it varies from person to person, but in some cases they can last for years or even for life (N/A, March 3, 2013)1.
Sources: 1. “Chemo Side Effects”; American Cancer Society; Web, 20 Sept. 2013 http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsideeffects/treatmenttypes/chemotherapy/understandingchemotherapyaguideforpatientsandfamilies/understanding-chemotherapy-chemo-side-effects
2. "How Chemotherapy Works.": Cancer Research UK : CancerHelp UK. Web. 19 Sept. 2013 http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/cancer-help/about-cancer/treatment/chemotherapy/about/how-chemotherapy-works
3. “Learning about Chemotherapy Treatment” ; American Cancer Society; Web, 20 Sept. 2013 http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsideeffects/treatmenttypes/chemotherapy/understandingchemotherapyaguideforpatientsandfamilies/understanding-chemotherapy-learning-what-is-it-how-it-works
4. “Shock Study; Chemotherapy can backfire, make cancer worse by triggering cancer growth”; NYDaily News; AFP Relax News, Written September 6, 2012, updated September 20, 2013. Web 20 September. http://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/health/shock-study-chemotherapy-backfire-cancer-worse-triggering-tumor-growth-article-1.1129897
Chemotherapy works to kill cancer by targeting the nuclei of dividing cells and so stop them from multiplying.(How chemotherapy works, cancerresearchuk.org) The latest findings are medicines and combinations in medicines to cure cancer.(Whats new in chemotherapy, cancer.org) New ways to administer the drugs are being studied.(Whats new in chemotherapy, cancer.org) New therapies called targeted therapies are being designed to attack a particular target in cancer cells, reducing side effects.(Whats new in chemotherapy, cancer.org) Proteins are being made called monoclonal antibodies are being designed to target specific cancer cells.(Whats new in chemotherapy, cancer.org) Liposomal drugs package chemotherapy drugs inside liposomes (synthethic fat molecules) so they can attack cells more selectively and reduce side effects as much as possible.(Whats new in chemotherapy, cancer.org) Chemoprotective agents are being developed to defend the body from side effects of chemotherapy. Some new agents are being developed to reduce cancer cells resistance against treatment.(Whats new in chemotherapy, cancer.org) Chemotherapy causes side effects like hair loss and nausea because it can kill healthy dividing cells as well as cancer ones.(How chemotherapy works, cancerresearchuk.org) Some cells are constantly dividing, like bone marrow, hair follicles, and cells in the digestive system.(How chemotherapy works, cancerresearchuk.org) Therefore, those cells can be damaged, provoking hair loss when hair follicles are attacked, nausea when cells in the digestive system are attacked.
Carlos Saborio
Bibliography 1. How chemotherapy works http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/cancer-help/about-cancer/treatment/chemotherapy/about/how-chemotherapy-works 2. Whats new in chemotherapy http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsideeffects/treatmenttypes/chemotherapy/chemotherapyprinciplesanin-depthdiscussionofthetechniquesanditsroleintreatment/chemotherapy-principles-whats-new-in-chemo-research
Sleep and health. Sleep is essential to human health. Lack of sleep may affect several key functions of the body, including: brain and nervous system, cardiovascular system, metabolic functions, and the immune system. Poor sleeping habits in early childhood has been found to be linked to later substance abuse. (Why sleep is important and what happens when you don’t get enough, American Psychological Association)Lack of sleep may lead to increased hyper activity and the heightening of the symptoms of ADHD. (ADHD and Sleep, National Sleep Foundation) Sleep and learning. Scientists have been able to precisely quantify brain waves and the location of changed activity of brain activity as people slept. A series of experiments conducted by the Massachusetts General Hospital showed sleep resulted in improved speed and accuracy of subjects performing motor tasks new to them. This was closely associated with the delta wave activity in the top middle part of the brain activated during the sleep. ( New Study Shows How Sleep Helps Improve Learning, Psych Central) Sleep and memory formation. Sleeping helps strengthen memories you gained through the day. It helps link newer memories to older ones. Sleep before formation can help your brain for the formation of memories. The non-REM stages of sleep help prepare for memory formation. Lack of sleep affects the Hippocampus, the part of the brain related to memory formation. REM sleep plays a role in linking new memories to older ones. ( Sleep On It How Snoozing Strengthens Memory, News In Health) 1. http://psychcentral.com/news/2013/08/21/new-study-shows-how-sleep-helps-improve-learning/58708.html 2. http://newsinhealth.nih.gov/issue/apr2013/feature2 3. http://www.sleepfoundation.org/article/sleep-topics/adhd-and-sleep 4. http://www.apa.org/topics/sleep/why.aspx#
The way in which chemotherapy works to kill cancer is by being injected into the bloodstream through a shot, through an IV that drips the chemotherapy into the blood system, or through tablets, or capsules. [N/A, 7 March 2013]1 Once one of these ways has been completed, the chemotherapy (a type of drug) kills, usually cells in the middle of a cell division process, by attacking the centre within every cell that destroys the place in which the cell divides. [N/A, 7 March 2013]1
ReplyDeleteResearchers of cancer have been developing new ways to cure cancer or at least to help with the slowing of the spreading of cancer cells throughout the human body. One of these new ways consists of using a type of protein carrier molecule formulated in a laboratory. This is known as monoclonal antibodies. [N/A, 02/07/2013]2 Through using this new procedure, the chemotherapy would be carried on this antibody strait to the cancerous cells. In doing so, the chemotherapy would, hopefully, only kill the cancer cells and none of the other functional cells would be injured in the process.
The reasoning behind chemotherapy causing hair loss, nausea, and other side effects is because the cells in this part of a human body are able to grow much faster than others. To be exact, between twenty-three to seventy-two hours is how long it takes a hair cell to replicate itself. [N/A, May 9, 2013 at 8:51 am]3 Chemotherapy targets the faster growing cells since cancer cells grow very quickly. The chemotherapy does not know the difference between hair cells and cancer cells since both are growing at such rapid paces.
Sources:
1. "How Chemotherapy Works." : Cancer Research UK : CancerHelp UK. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Sept. 2013. .
2. "What's New in Chemotherapy Research?" What's New in Chemotherapy Research? N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Sept. 2013. .
3. "Why and How Hair Loss Happens." Breastcancer.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 19 Sept. 2013. .
Chemotherapy works to kill cancer by being introduced into the blood stream by an injection, a drip, capsules, or tablets, the chemotherapy works to kill fast growing cells by attacking and damaging the control center in the cell that makes it divide [N/A, 7 March 2013]2. Chemotherapy may also interrupt the chemical processes involved with the cell division, it may also attack healthy cells that divide quickly, causing them damage as well but not permanent damage in most cases [N/A, 7 March 2013]2&3.
ReplyDeleteA relatively new discovery made in Chemotherapy discovers that when healthy cells are killed or damaged, they secrete a protein called WNT16B, which subsequently boosts the cancer cell survival while under chemotherapy [AFP Relax News, 6 September 2012]4. The protein released by the damaged cells counteracts the effect of chemo by acting as an enzyme for the tumorous cancer cells, and when not under chemotherapy. Researchers found this while wondering why cancer cells were killed so easily in a lab but showed more resistance while inside a living organism, they then found damaged DNA in cancer cells of men with prostate cancer [AFP Relax News, 6 September 2012]4. The cancer experiences and initial period of rapid response to the treatment but is followed by a period of rapid re-growth [AFP Relax News, 6 September 2012]4.
Chemotherapy causes side effects like hair loss, sickness and diarrhea, along with other side effects. These are caused by the chemotherapy attacking and killing healthy cells that naturally reproduce quickly in the bone marrow, skin follicles, hair, digestive tract, cells in the mouth, reproductive system, and in extreme cases can affect cells in the heart, kidneys, bladder, lungs, and nervous system (N/A, March 13, 2013)1. Most side effects disappear after treatment is over because the healthy cells regenerate and repair themselves eventually, but it varies from person to person, but in some cases they can last for years or even for life (N/A, March 3, 2013)1.
Sources:
1. “Chemo Side Effects”; American Cancer Society; Web, 20 Sept. 2013
http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsideeffects/treatmenttypes/chemotherapy/understandingchemotherapyaguideforpatientsandfamilies/understanding-chemotherapy-chemo-side-effects
2. "How Chemotherapy Works.": Cancer Research UK : CancerHelp UK. Web. 19 Sept. 2013
http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/cancer-help/about-cancer/treatment/chemotherapy/about/how-chemotherapy-works
3. “Learning about Chemotherapy Treatment” ; American Cancer Society; Web, 20 Sept. 2013
http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsideeffects/treatmenttypes/chemotherapy/understandingchemotherapyaguideforpatientsandfamilies/understanding-chemotherapy-learning-what-is-it-how-it-works
4. “Shock Study; Chemotherapy can backfire, make cancer worse by triggering cancer growth”; NYDaily News; AFP Relax News, Written September 6, 2012, updated September 20, 2013. Web 20 September.
http://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/health/shock-study-chemotherapy-backfire-cancer-worse-triggering-tumor-growth-article-1.1129897
Chemotherapy works to kill cancer by targeting the nuclei of dividing cells and so stop them from multiplying.(How chemotherapy works, cancerresearchuk.org)
ReplyDeleteThe latest findings are medicines and combinations in medicines to cure cancer.(Whats new in chemotherapy, cancer.org) New ways to administer the drugs are being studied.(Whats new in chemotherapy, cancer.org) New therapies called targeted therapies are being designed to attack a particular target in cancer cells, reducing side effects.(Whats new in chemotherapy, cancer.org) Proteins are being made called monoclonal antibodies are being designed to target specific cancer cells.(Whats new in chemotherapy, cancer.org) Liposomal drugs package chemotherapy drugs inside liposomes (synthethic fat molecules) so they can attack cells more selectively and reduce side effects as much as possible.(Whats new in chemotherapy, cancer.org) Chemoprotective agents are being developed to defend the body from side effects of chemotherapy. Some new agents are being developed to reduce cancer cells resistance against treatment.(Whats new in chemotherapy, cancer.org)
Chemotherapy causes side effects like hair loss and nausea because it can kill healthy dividing cells as well as cancer ones.(How chemotherapy works, cancerresearchuk.org) Some cells are constantly dividing, like bone marrow, hair follicles, and cells in the digestive system.(How chemotherapy works, cancerresearchuk.org) Therefore, those cells can be damaged, provoking hair loss when hair follicles are attacked, nausea when cells in the digestive system are attacked.
Carlos Saborio
Bibliography
1. How chemotherapy works
http://www.cancerresearchuk.org/cancer-help/about-cancer/treatment/chemotherapy/about/how-chemotherapy-works
2. Whats new in chemotherapy
http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsideeffects/treatmenttypes/chemotherapy/chemotherapyprinciplesanin-depthdiscussionofthetechniquesanditsroleintreatment/chemotherapy-principles-whats-new-in-chemo-research
Sleep and health. Sleep is essential to human health. Lack of sleep may affect several key functions of the body, including: brain and nervous system, cardiovascular system, metabolic functions, and the immune system. Poor sleeping habits in early childhood has been found to be linked to later substance abuse. (Why sleep is important and what happens when you don’t get enough, American Psychological Association)Lack of sleep may lead to increased hyper activity and the heightening of the symptoms of ADHD. (ADHD and Sleep, National Sleep Foundation)
ReplyDeleteSleep and learning. Scientists have been able to precisely quantify brain waves and the location of changed activity of brain activity as people slept. A series of experiments conducted by the Massachusetts General Hospital showed sleep resulted in improved speed and accuracy of subjects performing motor tasks new to them. This was closely associated with the delta wave activity in the top middle part of the brain activated during the sleep. ( New Study Shows How Sleep Helps Improve Learning, Psych Central)
Sleep and memory formation. Sleeping helps strengthen memories you gained through the day. It helps link newer memories to older ones. Sleep before formation can help your brain for the formation of memories. The non-REM stages of sleep help prepare for memory formation. Lack of sleep affects the Hippocampus, the part of the brain related to memory formation. REM sleep plays a role in linking new memories to older ones. ( Sleep On It How Snoozing Strengthens Memory, News In Health)
1. http://psychcentral.com/news/2013/08/21/new-study-shows-how-sleep-helps-improve-learning/58708.html
2. http://newsinhealth.nih.gov/issue/apr2013/feature2
3. http://www.sleepfoundation.org/article/sleep-topics/adhd-and-sleep
4. http://www.apa.org/topics/sleep/why.aspx#